Swelling of the nasal mucosa: causes, treatment. How to relieve swelling of the nasal mucosa

Swelling of the nasal mucosa occurs in cases where local blood flow increases. Inflammation is often a contributing factor. The nasal mucosa is a protective barrier that protects us daily from viruses and bacteria. When the immune system “works” like clockwork, we don’t notice it.

The appearance of swelling in the nose is a signal that the struggle between protective cells and harmful agents has begun. In principle, this phenomenon occurs reflexively, i.e. the irritant (allergen, virus, bacteria) tries to harm, and the protective mucus tries to neutralize them.

During this struggle, vascular permeability increases sharply, blood flow in the nasal cavity increases, and as a result, swelling in the nose occurs.

Swelling of the nasal turbinates

Evidence-based medicine. ONE-TIME ANSWER TO MOST QUESTIONS: - Antiviral drugs are not needed. Never. Exceptions: acyclovir for severe herpes infection, Tami-flu for laboratory-confirmed influenza, special drugs for viral hepatitis and HIV. - We moisturize the nose with saline solutions, do not rinse, but lightly irrigate (drip). For severe runny nose, vasoconstrictors for no more than three days. We don’t put anything else in our nose. No way! - ARVI goes away on its own. In order to prevent complications of ARVI, science has not yet come up with a magic pill, but regular examination by a doctor is needed. Necessarily! We don’t make diagnoses for ourselves! - General analysis. Read more →
ATTENTION! DUE TO THE FACT THAT APPLICATIONS FOR OPENING ARE NOT ACCEPTED UNTIL SEPTEMBER, I WILL CONDUCT THE PURCHASE IN THE DIARY FOR THE TIME. This paste is my salvation. After childbirth, the enamel came off and “shells” appeared. Salty, sweet, cold, hot and just cleaning my teeth caused extreme pain. She was saved only by Dabur ed. Shall we collect a ransom? The minimum wage is 6500. Delivery to me is divided among everyone, org 15% of 10,000 delivery is free. The prices in the post are final, if the minimum wage is indicated next to it, this means that we need to dial a multiple of this number of pieces, otherwise. Continue reading →

Rinsing the nose Rinsing the nose and nasopharynx can be considered both a therapeutic and cleansing procedure. In addition to adenoiditis, such washing is very helpful for rhinitis (inflammation of the nasal mucosa), pharyngitis, and in older children for sinusitis; In addition, rinsing the nose and nasopharynx is an effective prevention of colds. To rinse your nose and nasopharynx, you can use plain warm (body temperature) tap water. In this case, crusts, dust, mucus with the microbes contained in them are removed purely mechanically from the nose, nasopharynx, and from the surface of the adenoids. Can be used. Continue reading →

healthy lifestyle and disease prevention: In Russia and similar countries, the leading risks for fatal diseases are: 1) arterial hypertension (by a large margin) 2) high cholesterol 3) smoking 4) obesity 5) alcohol 6) insufficient consumption of vegetables and fruits. 7) sedentary lifestyle What to do? Continue reading →

Symptoms and treatment of adenoids in a child Read more →

Permission to open dated 09/05/2013 moderator Lenochka. ATTENTION. https://sp.babyblog.ru/zakupka/3955 automated collection NEW PRICE! Hi everybody! I am Oksana, contact me right away. I am resuming the purchase of Indian Ayurvedic cosmetics for body and hair, as well as the legendary Dabur paste! ATTACH YOUR BRACE ORDERS WRITE HERE Read more →

Removing adenoids is a crime against the immune system! “Removing adenoids is a crime against the immunity of a child’s body; one strives to completely remove the tissue that forms the immune system and studies all viruses and microbes. remembers the ways to fight them all his life, unacceptable!” This is the opinion of the head of the cryology laboratory of the Nizhny Novgorod Medical Academy, head of the cryology department of the Bronnitsy Hospital (MO), Dr. med. Sciences Vladimir Kochenov. Now all children have pronounced vasomotor rhinitis to one degree or another. The reason is environmental – air pollution. This is an expansion of the vessels of the nose, mainly venous. If your nose is stuffy. Continue reading →

Runny nose (or rhinitis; rhinitis, from the Greek word rhinos - nose + itis - meaning inflammation) - inflammation of the nasal mucosa; A fairly common disease in children, and at first glance a harmless disease. However, as for the latter, this is not entirely true. The nasal cavity is the “entry gate” of the respiratory tract through which inhaled and exhaled air passes. In addition, this is a powerful zone, richly supplied with nerve endings, associated with various organs and systems, so the child’s body reacts negatively to even the most minor disturbances in physiological functions. Continue reading →

Rehabilitation

After a vasotomy, the patient does not have to stay in the hospital, but can go home straight away. On average, the post-rehabilitation period takes from 7 to 10 days. During this period it is prohibited:

engage in physical activity (lift heavy objects, run);
visit a sauna, bathhouse, swimming pool;
drinking alcohol.

It is necessary to clean the nasal cavity yourself: remove dry crusts, rinse the nose with saline solutions, apply antibacterial and anti-inflammatory compounds to the nasal mucosa.

The cost of the operation is from 18,000 rubles.

Causes of swelling of the nasal mucosa

There can be many etiological factors that provoke swelling of the inner lining of the nasal cavity:

infectious (viral, bacterial diseases);
allergic (pollen, animal hair, house dust, mites, mold spores, food, medicines);
traumatic (mechanical damage, toxic chemicals, temperature effects);
anatomical (deviated septum, deformation of turbinates, neoplasms).

Nasal congestion is only a symptom of various diseases, and not an independent nosological entity. Swelling of the mucous membrane practically does not exist in isolation, but is accompanied by a runny nose, burning, sneezing, lacrimation, sometimes fever and pain of varying localization and intensity. The combination and severity of complaints depend on the pathology underlying their appearance.

Acute respiratory infections of viral origin (adenovirus, parainfluenza, rhinovirus, etc.) are the most common cause of swelling of the nasal passages. Bacteria rarely act as a trigger for congestion; much more often they are the cause of complications.

Their number is growing rapidly as a result of the deteriorating environmental situation, the use of household chemicals, the presence of occupational hazards, and smoking.

Damage to the nasal passages

Occurs due to mechanical injuries (abrasions, bruises, fractures). Prolonged hypothermia, thermal and chemical burns, and industrial waste particles contained in the inhaled air lead to disruption of the integrity of the epithelium and excessive blood flow. Irritants of this kind enter the body when working in hazardous industries.

A deviated septum, congenital narrowing of the passages, deformation of the turbinates, and retraction of the nasal bridge also interfere with breathing freely and provoke swelling of the mucous membrane. In addition to anatomical defects, polyps, foreign bodies, and neoplasms serve as barriers to the air stream.

Whatever the cause of nasal congestion, it disrupts the functioning of the organ and also worsens the general condition of the body. Why? Because the body does not receive enough oxygen to nourish tissues.

Causes of swelling

If you feel stuffy in your nose, but there is no runny nose, you have swelling of the mucous membranes of your nose. In order to quickly remove it, it is necessary to accurately determine the root causes of the problem.

Most often it makes itself felt after hypothermia. However, there are a number of other reasons why a stuffy nose may occur:

The maxillary sinuses are located in the upper jaw along the lateral walls of the nasal cavity.

The frontal sinus is located in the lower forehead just above and medial to the eyes.
The ethnic sinuses are located between the eyes.
The spheroid sinus is located just in front of the pituitary gland in the sphenoid bone.

Nasal duct. Check the patency of each drawing by standing directly in front of the patient and covering the patient's left drawing with the index finger of the right hand. Ask the patient to breathe normally through correct patterns. Repeat by closing the patient's right draw with the left index finger and ask the patient to breathe through the left draw.

The body's response to stimuli. This swelling often has a chronic form.
Mechanical damage to the nasal mucosa - trauma, surgery. Swelling appears due to the inflammatory process.
Disturbances in the structure of the nasal septum.
Uncontrolled releases of hormones.
Hereditary predisposition to nasal pathologies.
Oncological processes in the nasal cavity.
The presence of foreign objects in the nasal sinuses.
Having bad habits.

The choice of treatment method is directly related to the cause of the symptom. Therapy can be carried out at home, using folk or traditional methods. The patient’s main task is to find a successful combination of these two techniques.

Usually the patient can exhale through unoccupied naris. Nasal obstruction is present if the patient is unable to exhale through the nostrils. Assessment of the nasal septum. Examine the nasal septum while holding a light and standing directly in front of the patient. Gently press the tip of the patient access port with your left thumb. Shine a light into the patient's lobby with your right hand pointed at the light parallel to the floor.

Typically the nasal septum is pink, midline and intact. Common deviations from normal results include the following. The nasal septum has deviated from the midline; Red and swollen mucous membrane, which suggests acute allergic rhinitis; Pale and swampy mucous membrane, which suggests chronic allergies; and red and dry mucosa, suggesting the use of a decongestant or anticholinergic effect. The next step is to clear the nasal septum to look for perforations.

What causes swelling of the nasal passages

The nose's performance of respiratory, protective, and olfactory functions directly depends on the condition of its inner membrane.

Nasal breathing disorder

Severe swelling makes it difficult to breathe through the nose, during which the chest expands more fully than when inhaling through the mouth, and oxygen is supplied to the tissues. The lack of the latter negatively affects the functioning of human organs and systems.

Impaired cleansing function, odor recognition and changes in voice timbre

Only when the mucous membrane is in normal condition, the air passing through the nasal cavity is warmed, moistened, cleared of dust and microorganisms, and odorous substances penetrate the sensitive receptors, starting the procedure for recognizing odors. Edema disrupts not only these processes, but also prevents the correct formation of sounds. As a result, the timbre of the voice changes and a nasal sound appears.

Development of complications

Lack of timely correction and predisposing factors lead to the development of complications. Low immunity, systemic and endocrine diseases, and types of pathogenic microflora that are resistant to antibiotics contribute to their appearance. The latter is especially important, since it is bacterial infections that most often cause negative consequences.

The spread of the inflammatory process from the nasal cavity to the mucous membrane of one or more paranasal sinuses leads to the development of sinusitis. The maxillary and frontal sinuses are most often affected. Inflammation of the first is sinusitis, the second is frontal sinusitis. A breakthrough of pus into the surrounding tissues with ineffective treatment of bacterial sinusitis provokes involvement of the orbit and even the meninges in the pathological process.

You can avoid the development of complications and get rid of persistent functional disorders by choosing the right treatment tactics, and it is advisable to start treating the disease as early as possible.

Why does swelling occur?

The main function of the mucous membrane is protective. The fabric is a kind of barrier that prevents the penetration of pathogenic microorganisms (bacteria, viruses), allergens, dust and other small particles of the external environment into the respiratory tract.

The mucous membrane of the turbinates is lined with ciliated epithelial cells, the surface of which is covered with mobile cilia and goblet cells. The oscillatory movements of the cilia of the ciliated epithelium help purify the inhaled air from pathogens, dust and other harmful impurities. Goblet cells secrete mucus, which is necessary for air humidification and thermoregulation.

Hypothermia, weakened immunity and some other reasons lead to disruption of the ciliated epithelium cells, namely to a slowdown in the movement of cilia. As a result, pathogenic flora penetrates the respiratory tract. In response, a reflex reaction develops: the flow of blood and lymph to the site of inflammation increases, and swelling of the nose occurs.

Causes of swelling of the nasal mucosa

Swelling can be caused by various factors, among the main reasons:

viral or bacterial infection;
inflammatory processes;
decreased immunity due to hypothermia;
injury;
the appearance of neoplasms in the nasal cavity, including polyps, adenoids (in childhood), malignant and benign tumors;
exposure to irritants on the mucous membrane: dust, chemicals and detergents, nicotine;
injury that led to a deviated nasal septum;
penetration of allergens into the nasal cavity, causing swelling of the mucous membrane and vascular wall;
hormonal changes (swelling of the nose can occur in the first trimester of pregnancy, when the body is being rebuilt);
long-term use of drugs with a vasoconstrictor effect and addiction to them;
surgery in the nasal cavity;
colds;
dry indoor air.
drinking cold drinks and food;
foreign objects entering the nasal passages;
reaction to drinking alcohol;
cerebral hernias.

Symptoms of swelling

Patients explain swelling of the nasal mucosa in different ways. Phrases such as difficulty breathing, stuffy nose, swelling in the nose and bridge of the nose, heaviness in the nose, etc. are heard. To make an accurate diagnosis, the otolaryngologist performs a rhinoscopy, where the following picture is objectively visible: the mucous membrane has a swollen and reddened appearance.

In addition to the main symptoms, in 50% of cases, there is a slight increase in body temperature, snot, dryness and burning, headache, weakness, irritability, muscle pain, and slight pain in the nasal cavity. Patients' mouths are often reflexively ajar, because... congestion prevents oxygen from passing freely through the nasal passages.

In some cases, the ability to sense aromas is lost, lacrimation or a symptom such as “sand in the eyes” may appear.
A “broken” state in patients is usually observed during bacterial processes, when bacterial breakdown products enter the blood. The symptom complex during infectious processes is quite extensive, and is manifested not only by local, but also by systemic complaints.
If swelling of the nose is associated with an allergic reaction, the symptoms will be as follows: obsessive sneezing, clear discharge from the nasal passages, burning, congestion.

Allergic edema usually extends beyond the local localization and spreads to the entire nasopharynx. Dryness and soreness in the throat and snoring appear. Sometimes a rash and itching occurs on the skin. When allergies spread and complaints are expressed, antihistamines are prescribed orally.

An article on the topic - what to do if you can no longer smell.

In the presence of tumors, drug therapy does not bring the desired effect. The only way out is surgical treatment.

How to relieve swelling of the nasal mucosa

Before getting rid of swelling, visit a specialist.
If swelling of the mucous membrane is caused by allergic reactions, exclude allergens and make an appointment with an allergist. He will prescribe antihistamines. If such a problem occurs due to respiratory diseases, contact an otolaryngologist. He will prescribe antibiotics and prescribe drugs that increase the strength of the immune system. In other cases, you should make an appointment with a therapist. As first aid, the patient is given a nasal rinse. Solutions based on furatsilin and various antimicrobial drugs are used. The formulations are prepared strictly according to the instructions to prevent overdose.

Rinsing the nasal passages with saline solutions will help. They are prepared independently at the rate of 1 tbsp per 500 ml of warm water. l. component. The use of sprays that make breathing easier is also recommended.

You will not be able to completely get rid of nasal swelling without a runny nose or with discharge using solutions and agents that constrict blood vessels - all this only relieves the primary symptoms. They can be used for no more than 5 days. During this time, the patient needs to visit a doctor, who will find out why the problem arose and prescribe treatment.

Consequences and complications of edema

Swelling that occurs regularly or is not treated promptly can lead to damage to the nasal mucosa. This causes complications such as sinusitis. Without treatment, sinusitis easily spreads to nearby tissues, can even reach the lining of the brain and bone marrow, causing very dangerous pathologies.

Violation of the integrity of the mucous membrane leads to a weakening of its protective functions; the body is easily exposed to the negative effects of external factors.

Treatment

Swelling of the mucous membrane disappears within 7 days with complex treatment. The patient is required to take medications according to the prescribed regimen, perform inhalations, and rinse the sinuses. If there is swelling of the nose without a runny nose, then the solutions are used only for the first 3 days. Subsequently, ointments are used.

The patient is recommended to rest in bed for 3-5 days and warm up in the morning and evening. You should increase the amount of hot drinks and exclude cold foods and drinks.

Drug treatment

If the problem is caused by an allergy, then Tavegil, Lomilan or Loratodine are prescribed.
Aquamaris or Aqualor preparations are used for washing. To ease breathing, Pinosol or Nazivin drops are prescribed. If the swelling of the bridge of the nose and nose is caused by a viral etiology, then the patient is washed 3 times a day with saline or saline solution, inhaled in the morning and evening. In addition, antiviral drugs Kagocel and Ingavirin are prescribed. At elevated temperatures, the patient is prescribed Panadol and Koldakt - drugs that reduce fever.

If severe swelling of the nose is caused by bacterial infections, Miramistin is prescribed for rinsing, nasal drops with an antibacterial effect, for example Polydex. Immunostimulants are recommended. Most often, doctors prescribe Cycloferon.

Folk remedies

Treatment of the nose with folk remedies involves the use of the following recipes:

Take 1 tbsp. l. warm water and dissolve 1 drop of iodine. Instill the composition 4 times a day for a week.
Pour in 1 tsp. oak bark 200 ml of water. Place the composition in a water bath and soak for 15 minutes. Leave the product in a sealed container for 2 hours. Strain the broth and bury it in your nose 3 times a day. The course of treatment is 10-14 days.
Take 1 tbsp. l. licorice, marshmallow and elecampane. Fill the collection with 500 ml of water and leave for 8 hours. Take 150 ml 3 times a day for a week.

It is possible to treat swelling of the nasal sinuses without a runny nose and with discharge using folk remedies only in combination with medications and under the supervision of a doctor. Then the treatment will soon give the desired effect.

What diseases and pathologies does vasotomy relieve?

Vasotomy of the inferior turbinates is performed when the mucous layer grows, which leads to swelling, breathing problems and other symptoms. The operation is prescribed by a medical specialist in cases where drug treatment has failed.

The main indications for plastic surgery are chronic nasal congestion and the formation of adhesions in the nose. It is also used to treat vasomotor rhinitis, which develops due to the strong blood supply to the mucous membrane and the influence of contributing factors.

With vasomotor, medicinal, and allergic rhinitis, the inferior turbinate enlarges, and treatment is directed at it to reduce it.
Relieving snoring thanks to vasotomy is also practiced and has good results. Drug-induced rhinitis, hypertrophic rhinitis, rhinitis of allergic origin, deformation of the nasal septum leading to difficult passage of air, frequent use of vasoconstrictor drugs, and others are also treated with vasotomy of the inferior conchae.

Diseases of the nasal cavity and sinuses have ICD code J32.0.

Swelling of the maxillary sinuses without pus

Swelling of the maxillary sinuses is the initial manifestation of their inflammatory process. Swelling occurs due to a cascade of inflammatory reactions occurring in the mucous membrane lining the sinus. Swelling of the maxillary sinuses occurs with purulent, serous inflammation, that is, with any form of sinusitis.

By and large, any edematous syndrome is a universal reaction of the body to inflammation. Any inflammatory process, be it infectious, allergic, or autoimmune, is always accompanied by swelling of varying severity.

Swelling of the sinuses occurs due to increased permeability of the vascular walls due to the effect of inflammatory substances on them. Since the permeability of blood vessels has increased, according to the law of osmosis, fluid leaks into the interstitial space. Clinically this is manifested by edema.

Clinical manifestations of swelling of the maxillary sinuses

Nasal congestion: a feeling of stuffiness may be on one or both sides;
Difficulty breathing: occurs due to nasal congestion;
Headaches: are a consequence of nasal congestion. When nasal breathing is difficult, stagnation occurs in the venous system of the brain. Intracranial pressure increases, which is clinically manifested by headache. The nature of this type of headache is diffuse. However, in the case of swelling of the maxillary sinuses, another component of the headache occurs due to the involvement of the sensory branches of the cranial nerves. A feature of such pain is that it intensifies when the head is tilted down;
Scanty discharge from the nose. Usually at the stage of edema, even with bacterial sinusitis, there is a clear discharge. At the stage of development of a bacterial infection, pus appears.

Treatment of swelling of the maxillary sinuses

At the stage of edema, if it occurs in the program of purulent sinusitis, the clinical picture will be a general infectious syndrome: fever, body aches, muscles and joints, nonspecific headache, chills. Therefore, therapy is used to relieve the symptoms of the general infectious syndrome. To do this, drink plenty of fluids, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic drugs.

How to relieve swelling of the maxillary sinuses in newborns?

Specific treatment is used directly to treat sinus edema; it differs significantly in children and adults.

Rinsing the nose with saline solution, according to the same law of osmosis that causes swelling, when using saline solution it decreases. Not everyone can wash their baby’s nose; probably only mothers with medical education can do this, and even then not everyone.

Therefore, you can simply moisten a cotton swab with saline and place it in the nasal passages for 30 seconds, but this must be done one at a time, for obvious reasons.

There are also vasoconstrictor drops for newborns, but you should not use them yourself; consult your doctor.

How to relieve swelling in children aged 3 years and older and adults

Today, the pharmacological market offers a large number of remedies for various diseases of the ENT organs, including swelling of the sinuses, without pus. Therapy for this symptom should be comprehensive, since swelling of the sinuses can be the cause of sinusitis.

Before starting treatment, it is necessary to understand the cause of the swelling. If, after all, it is bacterial or viral sinusitis, you cannot do without antibacterial and antiviral therapy. To directly relieve the swelling itself, it is necessary to use vasoconstrictor drops.

The mechanism of their action is vasoconstriction (compression) of blood vessels, and, consequently, a decrease in blood flow to the mucosa, which means that less fluid sweats.

Vasoconstrictor drops are very effective in combating swelling of the sinus mucosa. But with prolonged use, they contribute to the development of vasomotor rhinitis or mucosal atrophy. Therefore, they are prescribed in a short course: from three to five days.

At the pharmacy you can buy special solutions based on sea salt in bags or bottles; in case of swelling, it is very useful to rinse your nose with them, firstly, you will not harm the mucous membrane, secondly, you will quickly get rid of congestion, thirdly, when rinsing there is a physical factor in getting rid of infection.

Antihistamines are also often prescribed, and not only for allergic edema. They are quite often prescribed due to the presence of anti-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory effects. It would also be useful to use herbal anti-inflammatory solutions as inhalations.

Heating the sinus area is not prohibited unless you have a fever.

Source: https://gaimoritstop.ru/otek-gaimorovih-pazuh-bez-gnoya.html

Inflammation of the sinuses: symptoms and treatment. All therapy methods

The most common ENT diseases include inflammation of the sinuses (sinusitis), which occurs as a consequence of more complex forms of respiratory diseases.

Inflammation of the sinuses poses a threat to the body because these organs perform multiple functions.

These include protecting the brain and eyeballs from external negative factors, ensuring breathing, warming and humidifying the incoming air.

When the paranasal sinuses become inflamed, a person’s breathing becomes difficult, visual disturbances may occur, the timbre of the voice may change, and the moral and psychological state may deteriorate.

One of the most common types of sinusitis is sinusitis. The disease usually occurs in the cold season and can develop in both adults and children.

However, there are a number of other signs that always accompany the course of the disease. They have a lot in common with the symptoms of a common cold. Among them are:

congestion and mucous discharge from the nose with a foul odor, sometimes mixed with pus and blood;
headache;
increased body temperature, chills;
pressing pain in the temples, eyes, forehead;
difficulty breathing, deterioration of sense of smell and taste;
noise and congestion in the ears;
swelling of the mucous membranes;
general weakness.

The manifestations of pain depend on the location of the pathological process. If the sinuses and head are blocked and painful, the patient may be diagnosed with inflammation of the frontal sinus. At the same time, he is worried about photophobia, sharp pain in the eyes, and displacement of the eyeball.

When the ethmoid labyrinth is inflamed, the patient experiences swelling of the eyelids, impaired sense of smell, and his nasal sinuses are clogged.

Photo

Inflammation of the sinuses can occur due to a tooth, more precisely as a result of caries or stomatitis. Pain in the sinuses coming from the teeth occurs due to their pathological changes.

In some cases, sinusitis is allergic in nature. In this case, the patient experiences mucous discharge from the nose, severe sneezing, itching, headache and general weakness.

Why do my sinuses hurt: what could it be?

Determining the cause of inflammation of the paranasal sinuses is of paramount importance, since the methods of treating the pathology depend on this. The following factors should be highlighted:

1 Viral diseases

Pathologies resulting from the penetration of viruses. These include ARVI, influenza, herpes, meningitis, and encephalitis. Diseases caused by viruses are always accompanied by elevated body temperature, headache, muscle weakness, and general poor health.

2 Bacterial infections

Penetration of pathogenic microorganisms against the background of reduced immunity, causing cough, congestion and discharge, and headache. Sinusitis of bacterial origin can develop as a result of untreated teeth.

3 Fungal infections

Sinusitis can occur as a complication of past illnesses in weakened, elderly patients, against the background of other chronic diseases, such as diabetes mellitus, AIDS.

4 Allergies

Inflammation of the sinuses occurs as a result of a negative interaction with a specific allergen. Source: nasmorkam.net

5 Injuries

Swelling, pain under the eye, and headache can be symptoms that accompany fractures and bruises of the nose, as well as unsuccessful operations in the nasal area.

In this case, pain in the sinus is the main symptom, and the disease itself occurs without a runny nose.

The disease can develop in acute and chronic form.

In the first case, its symptoms are pronounced, the patient’s well-being deteriorates sharply. In the absence of adequate treatment, the disease takes chronic forms.

The child has

Sinusitis in children can occur for the same reasons as in adults. Most often it is the result of complications of viral and bacterial diseases; it can be a consequence of chronic tonsillitis, adenoids, and polyps.

In children, sinus inflammation can occur due to foreign objects entering the nasal passages. In infants, inflammation often accompanies the process of teething, when the body becomes more sensitive and susceptible to disease.

The child notices a deterioration in appetite and sleep, he becomes restless, irritable, and refuses to breastfeed.

Swelling of the sinuses

Swelling of the sinuses occurs due to dilated blood vessels and increased blood flow. Swollen mucous membranes interfere with normal nasal breathing and impair oxygen supply to the brain.

In addition to infectious irritants, swelling can be triggered by exposure to various household and industrial allergens. These include dust particles, pesticides, and detergents.

Long-term use of vasoconstrictor drops also negatively affects the condition of the mucous membranes. Swelling is a necessary consequence of rhinoplasty.

In weakened patients, swelling of the nose without pus can occur after a long stay in a room with increased dry air or after swimming in cold water or walking without a hat in the cold season.

When should you see a doctor?

Inflammatory processes in the nasal area are often perceived as a minor ailment that will go away without treatment. This misconception leads to the patient turning to a doctor when the disease drags on and becomes chronic.

In children, the reason to see a doctor should be the baby's restless behavior, mouth breathing, poor sleep and refusal to eat.

What diagnostics are needed?

Treatment of sinus inflammation is carried out by a therapist and an otolaryngologist. When making a diagnosis, they conduct a general examination of the patient and listen to his complaints. Other diagnostic measures include:

carrying out laboratory tests;
radiography;
contrast radiography according to indications;
puncture of discharge from the sinus and its laboratory analysis.

After determining the cause of inflammation, treatment begins.

Inflammation of the sinuses: treatment. Treatment Options

Treatment methods for pathology are prescribed depending on the form of the disease, taking into account the general condition of the patient, his age, and the presence of other chronic diseases.

In any case, therapy should be comprehensive. It includes drug therapy and various therapeutic procedures.

Washing the nasal cavity has a good therapeutic effect. In addition to ready-made pharmaceutical preparations, a saline solution is used, which is easy to prepare at home. When washing, you must follow the rules.

Each nostril should be rinsed separately, with the liquid flowing out of the other nostril. At the end of the procedure, you need to blow your nose well to free the nasal passages from any remaining solution.

How to treat sinusitis besides medications? Physiotherapeutic procedures provide a good therapeutic effect. These include electrophoresis, ultraviolet irradiation, and UHF.

How to treat sinuses with medications?

For a runny nose and the presence of pus in the sinuses, the following groups of drugs are indicated:

antibacterial - a properly selected antibiotic eliminates the symptoms of bacterial sinusitis and promotes rapid recovery (Amoxicillin, Ampicillin, Isofra, Bioparox);
nasal drops - relieve swelling, improve breathing, eliminate congestion (Otrivin, Nazol, Nazivin);
rinsing solutions – free the nasal passages from accumulated mucus (Aqualor, Aquamaris);
anti-inflammatory drugs - eliminate swelling and pain, improve breathing (Erispal, Sinupret);
mucolytics – dilute the purulent contents, accelerate its removal to the outside (Acetylcysteine);
immune-modulating agents – improve the general condition of the body, strengthen the immune system.

How to relieve congestion with allergic sinusitis? For treatment, antihistamines are prescribed - Loratadine, Cetrin, Zyrtec.

Procedures

The method of rinsing the nose in a hospital setting is called “Cuckoo”. This unusual name is due to the fact that during the procedure the patient is asked to repeat the words “cuckoo”. This is necessary to ensure that the liquid does not enter the nasopharynx.

To carry out the procedure, a vacuum suction with a reservoir is used. The liquid entering through the syringe flushes out accumulated mucus, particles of dust and dirt, and blood clots from the nasal passages.

Many patients, especially children, do not like the procedure, but it is painless and gives a very good therapeutic effect. Cuckoo is contraindicated for patients suffering from epilepsy, mental disorders, and bleeding disorders.

It is not given to children under 5 years of age. Cuckoo is not effective for severe forms of sinus inflammation.

Another method of cleansing the paranasal sinuses is the Yamic catheter. It is also used for mild forms of inflammation. After removing the contents, the medicine is administered.

These may be antibacterial or mucolytic agents. To consolidate success, this procedure must be completed 5-6 times.

The use of the Yamik catheter is prohibited in cases of deviated nasal septum, frequent nosebleeds, epilepsy, and in old age. The procedure is not contraindicated for children, but the child will need psychological preparation before undergoing it.

Surgical treatment

What to do if antibacterial therapy and other treatment methods do not give the desired results? Usually such patients require surgical intervention. The operation is performed in the following cases:

the inflammation became chronic, the patient suffered more than three cases of sinusitis during the year;
a CT scan revealed blockage of the sinuses;
a course of antibiotics and other medications and physiological procedures did not produce results;
the disease is complicated by the presence of a deviated nasal septum;
there is a high risk of complications of the disease.

During the operation, the surgeon removes infected and inflamed tissue, polyps in the nose and sinuses.

Inflammatory processes can be caused by the presence of a benign formation - a cyst. In this case, surgical treatment is also performed. [ads-pc-1][ads-mob-1]The advantages of surgical treatment are great: its implementation frees a person from a chronic disease. The patient's sense of smell improves and the problem of difficulty breathing is eliminated.

If surgery is refused, therapy is continued using medications and physiotherapeutic procedures.

Treatment with folk remedies

Traditional medicine has a number of effective remedies that successfully eliminate the main signs of sinus inflammation. However, such treatment will be effective only in the initial, uncomplicated stages of the disease.

Here are examples of the most used well-known folk remedies:

Black radish juice. This method has proven itself in the treatment of cough, but it is no less effective in inflammatory processes. You need to cut off the tip of the radish, remove a small amount of pulp and fill the void with honey. The resulting juice is dripped into the nasal passages 4-6 times a day.

Inhalation of garlic vapors. A few cloves of garlic should be thoroughly crushed, placed in a container and inhaled the garlic vapor for several minutes. The evaporation releases phytoncides - a natural antibiotic.

A mixture of potassium permanganate and iodine. Manganese crystals are dissolved in water until a light pink color is obtained. Add a few drops of iodine to the water. The resulting solution is used to rinse the nasal passages 2 times a day. The solution must be prepared immediately before use.

Propolis solution. A few drops of the prepared propolis tincture are mixed with boiled water and the nasal passages are washed with the resulting mixture several times a day.

It is also not recommended to completely rely on the effectiveness of folk remedies; they can only be used as an additional method of treatment in complex therapy.