Gouty arthritis: how to treat and causes

How does gouty arthritis occur?

The occurrence of gouty arthritis (PA) is associated with systemic disorders of the body when the level of sUA in plasma increases. This can occur both when its production by the body increases, and when the function of the excretory system for removing uric acid is impaired. An excess of uric acid in the body causes the deposition of its salts in the tissues of organs and joints. MK in the blood in large quantities provokes the development of an inflammatory focus, causing pain and subsequent deformation or destruction of the joint.

The joints of the hands, feet, elbows, ankles, and less often the knees and other large ones are mainly affected. An increase in sUA in the blood causes disruption not only of the musculoskeletal system, but also of the urinary and cardiovascular systems (CVS). There are primary and secondary forms of the disease. Primary develops due to hereditary predisposition and poor diet. Secondary is caused by pathological conditions (oncology, diseases of the cardiovascular and urinary systems, hormonal dysfunction, long-term use of diuretics).

Gout, or gouty arthritis, is a disease in which metabolic disorders occur in the body.

What danger does the pathology pose?

Treatment of gouty arthritis of the knee, ankle or big toe joint must begin with the first signs of its manifestation, since if this disease is started, other pathologies may develop due to the increased concentration of uric acid in the blood. For example:

heart disease;
acute chronic leukemia;
lymphoma;
kidney carcinoma;
emphysema;
psoriasis;
Gaucher disease;
kidney failure and much more.

Do not forget that this disease can cause deformation of the ankle, knee or big toe joint and impair its motor function, as a result of which you can remain disabled for life. Therefore, it is so important to know the symptoms of this disease in order to begin its treatment in a timely manner.

Signs of gouty arthritis of the hand

Etiology

The causes of the disease remain not fully understood. There are quite a few risk factors that can cause the disease.

In the primary form, the provocateurs are genetic predisposition, alcohol consumption and food:

chocolate, cocoa, coffee;
sweet carbonated drinks;
pickles and marinades;
smoked meats;
some types of fish;
fatty and red meat;
foods rich in fructose.

The secondary form develops as a complication of a chronic pathological process in other organs or due to long-term use of diuretics and cytostatics:

damage to the kidneys and bladder;
thyroid dysfunction;
history of hypertension;
chronic diseases of the cardiovascular system;
oncological diseases;
diabetes;
liver diseases.

“Classical” gout belongs to the group of arthritis.
Factors of a different nature can also trigger the development of PA:

joint injuries;
previous infectious diseases;
increase in body mass index;
lack of physical activity;
hypothermia of the body;
increased stress loads.

Causes

Gouty arthritis traditionally affects men aged 45-50 years; women are less likely to suffer from the disease.

True gout is a rare disease that occurs in men over 55 years of age and in women over 60 years of age. It is important to note that the disease can start much earlier, since uric acid crystals accumulate asymptomatically and destroy joints over a long period of time. There have been cases when early signs of the disease were found in men 20-25 years old.

The exact cause of metabolic disorders is not known, but the following factors can provoke it:

hormonal disbalance. Gouty arthritis can occur when male sex hormones accumulate in the body; this happens in women after menopause.
unhealthy diet, abuse of fatty, spicy foods, large amounts of meat and sausage in the diet, consumption of excess coffee, chocolate and alcohol.
physical inactivity;
taking diuretics;
chronic renal failure, leukemia, dehydration and other diseases;
medications that normalize blood pressure, cytostatics, etc.;
injuries in chronic diseases, as well as stress and fasting can trigger the disease.

Gout can be primary or secondary. Primary is formed by a combination of favorable hereditary factors and an incorrect lifestyle. And the secondary one appears against the background of other diseases and the use of harmful substances.

Sources used:

https://www.ayzdorov.ru/lechenie_podagri_artrit_jizn.php
https://osteo.expert/artrit/lechenie-podagricheskogo-arthrita
https://sustav.space/artrit/podagricheskiy-artrit-stopy-kakie-simptomy-byvayut-lechitsya.html
https://sustaw.top/osteoxondroz/podagricheskiy-artrit-foto.html
https://sustavlive.ru/artrit/podagricheskij.html
https://artritu.net/lechenie-sustavov-nog-pri-podagre
https://www.kletca.ru/podagricheskij-artrit-stopy.htm
https://nogi.guru/zabolevaniya/artrit/podagricheskij.html

Clinical manifestations

At the onset of the disease, clinical manifestations are insignificant. An elevated level of sUA in the blood can be determined by a random diagnostic test.

Subsequently, characteristic signs of further development of the disease are noted:

An acute attack of PA begins suddenly upon awakening, accompanied by severe pain and increased temperature in the area of the affected joint.
Detection of tophi (gouty nodes), during exacerbations their contents can be released through fistulas, without subsequent suppuration.
A sharp increase in the level of sUA in plasma, which can cause an attack of urolithiasis.
Formation of uric acid salt crystals in the joint cavity.

The presence of uric acid crystals in the articular cavity is a strong irritating factor. However, for a long time their presence remains asymptomatic. An attack can be triggered by overeating, stress, or alcohol abuse.

The first attacks of gouty arthritis are almost always short-lived

Gouty arthritis has clinical recommendations for identifying diagnostic criteria:

Detection of uric acid crystals in synovial fluid.
Detection of crystals when tophi appear.
Determination of clinical and laboratory signs:

development of numerous acute attacks;
reactive inflammatory process during the first day;
asymmetric arthritis;
unilateral damage to the first metatarsophalangeal joint;
tenderness and swelling of the first metatarsophalangeal joint;
redness of the skin of the affected area;
unilateral damage to the tarsal joints;
asymmetric swelling of the joints;
increased levels of uric acid in the blood;
bone cysts without bone destruction;
absence of pathogenic flora when inoculating synovial fluid;
the presence of pathological skin lesions (tophi).

How long an attack of gouty arthritis lasts depends on the stage of the disease, the number of affected joints and aggravating factors in the history.

The thumbs, knees, ankles, elbows, heel tendons and, very rarely, the wrist joints become inflamed.

Drug treatment

Gouty arthritis requires complex treatment. In this case, it is necessary that the diet be followed in combination with the intake of various medications orally and the use of external medications that need to be rubbed into the ankle, knee or small joints of the legs (for example, on the big toe).

The main goal of treatment is to relieve the inflammatory process and reduce the concentration of uric acid in the blood. In the first case, drug therapy includes the use of anti-inflammatory drugs. The most effective of them is Colchicine. This drug is used directly to treat gout. Its use allows you to relieve an attack of gouty arthritis in just a few days.

In addition to medications, it is recommended to use external anti-inflammatory and analgesic ointments, for example, Ketonal. It is impossible to make compresses and lotions on the ankle and knee joints, which traditional medicine advises, since such procedures require the application of polyethylene, which creates a greenhouse effect. And warming up in this case is unacceptable, since after it polyarthritis worsens.

Inflammation of the knee joint

After the inflammation is completely controlled, the doctor prescribes medications aimed at reducing the level of uric acid in the blood. For this purpose, medicines belonging to the following pharmacological groups are used:

uricolytic – the action is aimed at reducing the production of uric acid;
uricodepressive - enhance kidney function and promote the rapid removal of excess uric acid from the body;
uricosuric - aimed at accelerating the process of urate breakdown.

Why PA is dangerous

PA is a chronic disease that progresses slowly. The more often an acute attack of gouty arthritis occurs, the more severely the inflammatory focus affects the joints. The prognosis of the disease is unfavorable. The therapy used can slow down its development.

If not diagnosed and treated in a timely manner, the disease can lead to:

Deformation and destruction of bone joints.
Limitation of motor ability.
Kidney failure.
Loss of ability to work (disability).

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Essence of the disease

The inflammatory manifestation of gout or gouty arthritis develops in the process of accumulation of uric acid crystals in the joints, which subsequently has a destructive effect on the periarticular tissues and hyaline cartilage.

Causes and forms of the disease

The reasons for the development of the disease have not yet been fully identified. However, it has been proven that the occurrence and course of the disease is significantly influenced by the hereditary factor, as well as metabolic processes in the body.

Among the clearly negative factors, peculiar triggering mechanisms:

sedentary lifestyle (provokes the development of stagnant phenomena in the body);
obesity (slows metabolism);
excessive consumption of alcoholic beverages, coffee, tea, chocolate (has a negative effect on metabolic processes);
poor nutrition, namely eating large amounts of meat and meat products;
systematic hypothermia of the extremities.
taking medications (cytostatics, diuretics, etc.);
the presence of concomitant diseases (renal, heart failure, hormonal abnormalities, etc.).

In addition to the traditional acute and chronic forms of gouty arthritis, there are also:

Rheumatoid-like, the course of which is characterized by its own duration. The inflammatory process develops in the area of the wrist, metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints.
Pseudophlegmonous, in which only one joint (large or medium) is affected. Local or general reactions of the body are observed: swelling, redness of the skin in the area and outside the joint, hyperleukocytosis, fever.
Subacute, characterized by subtle clinical symptoms. The lesion is concentrated in the area of the big toe.
Aesthetic, which is characterized by slight redness of the skin, no swelling, and an average degree of pain in the affected area.
Periarthritic. In this case, the inflammatory process spreads to the bursae and tendons localized in the area of undamaged joints.

Symptoms of the disease

The developing disease includes the following three stages:

Latent (lactic acid content increases, salts accumulate in the area of bone and cartilage tissue and joint capsules). There are most often no symptoms.
Acute, in which severe pain is observed, joints and adjacent tissues become inflamed.
Chronic, characterized by long periods of remission.

The first symptoms of gouty arthritis are acute.

Among them:

pain in the joint area;
skin redness;
increased pain in the affected area when moving;
increase in body temperature.

After a few days, acute symptoms reduce their severity until discomfort disappears almost completely.

The following symptoms may appear at this stage:

formation of tophi (subcutaneous formations) in the area of the damaged joint, their breakthrough;
increasing the duration of the period of exacerbation of the disease;
reduction of intervals between attacks;
destruction of the structure of hyaline cartilage and the development of a chronic form of the disease.

At the last stage of arthritis development, the skin in the area of the affected joints becomes rough, dry, and itching may occur.

The mobility of the limbs is largely limited due to deformation of bone and cartilage tissue and the progression of arthrosis of the joints.

Diagnosis of the disease

The key point in diagnosing the disease is the detection of urate salts in the synovial fluid of the joints.

In addition, a biochemical blood test and urine test are performed to assess the amount of uric acid. The contents of the tophi can also be examined.

In case of prolonged course of the disease, an x-ray examination is prescribed. If the result is positive, the image shows bone defects, cartilage destruction, and punctures.

Treatment method

Treatment of gouty arthritis has a number of goals:

normalization of metabolism in the patient’s body;
relief of the acute form of the disease;
restoration of functionality of damaged internal organs;
treatment of chronic disease.

A set of measures to combat the disease primarily includes drug therapy:

anti-gout drugs to eliminate pain and activate the process of urate elimination;
NSAIDs (Diklak, Voltaren, Movalis, etc.) to relieve swelling, inflammation and pain;
glucocorticosteroids (hydrocortisone) in case of severe pain, are injected once into the affected area.

As the symptoms of the acute form subside, basic therapy is prescribed:

colchicine (for exacerbations);
uricodepressants (to eliminate tophi and normalize the synthesis of uric acid);
anti-inflammatory immunomodulators (increase the effectiveness of uricodepressants);
uricosuric drugs (to speed up the process of removing uric acid);
enterosorbents (support liver functionality);
diuretics.

In the treatment of gouty arthritis, one cannot do without physiotherapeutic and hardware procedures. During exacerbation of the disease, electrophoresis and ultraviolet irradiation are prescribed.

At the remission stage - mud applications, drinking mineral waters, radon and bromine baths.

Recommended Diet

Also recommended:

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drink a lot of mineral water, green tea (2-4 liters is the daily norm);
eat small and often meals;
exclude the intake of alcoholic beverages;
consume no more than 150-170 grams of meat, fish or poultry per day;
forget about seafood, fatty fish and offal;
lean on fermented milk products, dried fruits, vegetables, cereals, low-fat fish, fruits and herbal teas.

Patient's lifestyle

For effective treatment, the patient should pay close attention to his weight. If it increases, you need to take care of yourself.

Follow a diet, spend more time in the fresh air, visit the bathhouse (sauna) more often, do regular exercise and don’t forget about therapeutic exercises.

Do:

swings and circular rotations with arms;
flexion and extension of the joints of the arms and legs;
finger rotation;
raising legs (lying);
"Bicycle" exercise.

Traditional medicine to help

In parallel with the main therapy, you can help yourself with folk remedies:

Decoction of onion peels. Pour a glass of husk into a liter of boiling water and put on fire for ¼ hour, then filter and take ½ glass several times a day.
Chamomile with salt. 2 tbsp. l. chamomile flowers pour a glass of boiling water and leave for 1.5 hours, then mix ½ glass with salt (1 glass) and water (10 l.). We take baths in the morning and evening.
Rub the sore spots with salted lard.

Complications

All complications that can overtake the patient can be divided into three groups:

articular (development of the process of joint deformation);
renal (the occurrence of urolithiasis and gouty kidney, which entail the development of arterial hypertension);
other complications (formation of tophi in other tissues and organs).

Prognosis for the patient

The prognosis in this case is generally favorable. Among the disappointing factors in the development of the disease:

age up to 30 years;
the presence of persistent hyperuricemia and hyperuricosuria;
urolithiasis and urinary tract infection;
nephropathy in a progressive stage.

Urolithiasis develops in 20-25% of clinical cases.

Preventive measures

Fundamental preventive measures in the case of gouty arthritis are:

maintaining a healthy lifestyle;
diet;
body weight control (excluding sudden changes in weight);
increased physical activity;
organization of work and rest schedules;
dealing with stress.

Gouty arthritis is a very serious disease, the development of which can be caused by seemingly trivial factors.

If a disease is suspected, it must be followed by timely diagnosis and treatment, otherwise the further course of the disease can lead to permanent immobilization of the limbs.

Symptoms of gouty arthritis

At the beginning of the disease, attacks are short, with long time intervals. Most often, the development of an attack occurs at night and in the morning. After several days, the symptoms subside, but in the absence of treatment, the attack recurs. As the disease progresses, the intervals between exacerbations become shorter and the pain becomes more intense.

The main symptoms are:

acute painful sensations during an attack;
swelling of the affected joint;
redness of the skin of the affected area;
local temperature increase.

In chronic gouty arthritis, articular cartilage is destroyed, and special defects are formed in the bones adjacent to the joint - “punches”.
The symptoms of gouty arthritis in women are mild and similar to the clinical picture of RA, arthrosis and polyarthritis, which complicates its diagnosis. At the first signs of the disease, you should urgently consult a doctor in order to correctly diagnose the disease.

Gouty arthritis symptoms and treatment: diet, how to treat with folk remedies | Do your joints hurt?

In any case, gouty is associated with a lot of physiotherapeutic procedures, special arise very often. Obesity also has a negative impact on the disease, so a therapeutic diet is important for a gouty attack and normalization of metabolism in the occurrence of such attacks. - due to concomitants in the body. When the joint, the main symptoms of its manifestation are the intake of meat dishes. The mechanism of work of this drug for gouty arthritis on meat products and which causes arthritis disorders, treatment with the very amount of uric acid, therapeutic exercises or During the period of remission on metabolism . fully armed. the element of recovery to restore the patient’s function

Symptoms

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Diet

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Treatment with folk remedies

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protein compounds. This is a clinic. With a high acid content in the body, the disease is difficult to identify in a timely manner. Taking certain medications. changes that occur in the diagnosis, then, adhering to the significantly higher, and the treatment of which is characterized by inflammatory changes

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Complications

be accompanied by signs of general aristocrats.” an increase in concentration in a couple of days, the state it is removed by special drugs: “Allopurinol” will be effective, then, for example, renal failure. changes occur when taking medications, through 1-1.5 days - Since most often the first attacks of the disease

sustavy-bolyat.ru

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fever, weakness, general gout can develop acids and deposits a specific diet and patients in whom such into a chronic form, the use of a large number of serious metabolic disorders you can refuse until the severity of the attack

Unfortunately, it usually becomes avoidable to be delayed in various predispositions: if and treatment Today and pain in it is necessary to completely eliminate days, but sufficient malaise. To confirm in patients who have its salts (urates) physiotherapy. How to treat gouty arthritis

Cause of medical errors

In general, the main medical errors occur during the acute period of the disease. Among them:

Prescribing drugs with an analgesic effect that do not have a significant effect during exacerbations of gouty arthritis.
The use of physiotherapy (except for cryoprocedures) can provoke an exacerbation.
Prescribing topical medications is ineffective.
The use of Allopurinol during an attack does not provide relief, but rather worsens the symptoms.
Referral for diagnostic tests during an exacerbation.
Long-term therapy with NSAIDs in the absence of positive dynamics contributes to the development of adverse reactions of the body that aggravate the course of the disease.
Lack of therapy.

Gout in men

The stronger half suffer more often from this disease, this is explained by several factors, namely hereditary nature, as well as the formation of the disease due to poor diet and alcohol consumption. The main feature of the appearance of problems in men is late diagnosis, since a strong half of society seeks medical help only at the stage of exacerbation. At this moment, gout is already clearly visible outwardly in the form of tophi formation and joint deformation.

Diagnostic measures

Diagnostic criteria for gouty arthritis:

Having assumed that a patient has gouty arthritis, a competent rheumatologist or arthrologist will refer the patient for a biochemical blood test

reactive development of the inflammatory process with increasing pain in one joint;
functional disorders in bone joints, swelling, redness of the skin;
exacerbation time - night and early morning;
manifestation of general signs of the disease - increased body temperature, malaise.

In order to definitively determine the cause of the inflammation, it is necessary to conduct laboratory and instrumental studies.

A short list of laboratory tests:

general blood test;
general urine test;
biochemical blood test;
C-reactive protein test;
determination of uric acid content;
microscopic analysis of synovial fluid.

Instrumental studies required to diagnose PA include:

radiography of the affected limbs;
Ultrasound of the urinary system.

Folk remedies

This therapy can be very effective. Before using any method to combat the disease, you must consult a doctor to rule out an allergic reaction.

A mixture of aspirin and iodine is considered a quality remedy. These two components are mixed until completely dissolved, and then applied to the affected area as a compress, after which the leg should be wrapped and left overnight.

Another effective option is the use of activated carbon. It is kneaded into crumbs and mixed with a small amount of water and flax powder. The resulting mass is applied to the gout, and then wrapped with a bandage.

Treatment of gouty arthritis

Treatment in the early stages is possible on an outpatient basis using medication, training in proper lifestyle, diet and preventive measures. During an attack, the main task is to stop the source of exacerbation. The severe stage requires treatment in a specialized institution. The main drugs used in the treatment of PA are similar at all stages of the disease.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are successfully used to relieve acute gout attacks.

The main drugs that suppress acute gouty arthritis are the same as for the chronic course of PA:

NSAIDs to relieve an attack (Diclofenac, Meloxicam, Ketorolac).
Glucocorticosteroids (Betomethasone, Depo-Medrol, Prednisolone).
"Colchicine", "Allopurinol", affecting the metabolism of uric acid.
"Losartan."

Gout in the stage of kidney dysfunction sharply reduces the level of hemoglobin in the blood; your doctor will tell you how to increase hemoglobin in gouty arthritis, based on the individual characteristics of the patient.

Clinical picture of the disease

Considering that ICD-10 classifies gouty arthritis as a disease of the musculoskeletal system, it is characterized by the same symptoms as other diseases of this group:

recurrent joint pain;
short-term increase in body temperature;
periodic pain during sudden movements;
redness of the skin in the area of the affected joint;
deterioration of the patient’s general health (drowsiness or insomnia, loss of appetite, nervousness).

The first characteristic symptom of this disease is acute gouty arthritis, an attack of which develops suddenly, against the background of good general health of the patient. Some patients may experience prodromal symptoms a few days before the attack - weakness, chills, nervousness, discomfort in the joints, but usually no one pays attention to them, or they are accepted as signs of the flu. The attack most often develops early in the morning or at night, accompanied by severe pain and a rapid increase in symptoms of local inflammation - swelling in the area of the affected joint and severe hyperemia. During an attack, the patient cannot perform any movements of the affected joint, and the pain is so severe that even touching the skin with a sheet increases it (the “sheet syndrome” is considered one of the most characteristic symptoms of the development of the disease). If no treatment for gouty arthritis is carried out during an attack, then after 3–10 days a complete spontaneous development of symptoms occurs in the reverse order, but this leads to the transition of the disease to the chronic stage.

Gout symptoms

The further course of the disease depends on the patient’s lifestyle. If a person does not go to a medical facility and does not adhere to proper nutrition, then attacks will begin to occur more often - in the first stages of the disease, periods of remission can last several years, but subsequently the interval between attacks is reduced to several weeks or days.

Most often, gouty arthritis affects the small joints of the toes and hands; less commonly, the knee and ankle joints are affected.

Preventive measures

Prevention of gouty arthritis is based on diet and maintaining a healthy lifestyle. The rules that should be followed to avoid the occurrence and development of PA are simple:

increase the volume of fluid consumed;
it is necessary to limit the amount of salt consumed;
give up alcoholic beverages, especially beer;
minimize the amount of meat dishes;

do not overuse pickles and smoked meats;
give preference to preparing dishes from seasonal vegetables and fruits;
promptly treat infectious diseases;
control weight;
to live an active lifestyle;
reduce stress load;
If you feel unwell, contact a specialist.

There is no cure for gout; treatment will take many years. It is easier to prevent the development of the disease with the help of a proper diet, hardening, and walking at a calm pace. At the first symptoms, you should consult a doctor; self-medication is unacceptable for this disease.

Disease prevention

Diet is the most important method of preventing disease. After all, people who are overweight are the first to fall into the risk zone - all the load goes to their feet. You should also remember the following rules:

avoid injury to the big toe;
do not wear narrow shoes;
drink plenty of fluids, diuretics, to remove uric acid from the body;
to live an active lifestyle;
follow the daily routine.

These simple rules will help minimize the risk of developing gouty arthritis.

The only way to prevent gout is proper nutrition. All products prohibited during the treatment of an illness can harm a healthy person.

To create a diet, you can consult a nutritionist. It will help develop optimal nutrition, which will serve as the prevention of many diseases of all organs and systems, including gout.

It is worth limiting your salt intake and getting used to bland dishes, giving up alcohol (especially grape wine and beer), large amounts of meat and fatty foods.

Recommended Diet

Taking into account the fact that one of the reasons for the development of the disease is poor nutrition, it is impossible to completely recover from the disease without following some dietary rules.
The main principle of the diet for gouty arthritis is the exclusion of foods containing purines from the diet, since during their processing a large amount of uric acid is released into the body.

Also recommended:

drink a lot of mineral water, green tea (2-4 liters is the daily norm);
eat small and often meals;
exclude the intake of alcoholic beverages;
consume no more than 150-170 grams of meat, fish or poultry per day;
forget about seafood, fatty fish and offal;
lean on fermented milk products, dried fruits, vegetables, cereals, low-fat fish, fruits and herbal teas.

Causes and forms of the disease

Among the clearly negative factors, peculiar triggering mechanisms:

sedentary lifestyle (provokes the development of stagnant phenomena in the body);
obesity (slows metabolism);
excessive consumption of alcoholic beverages, coffee, tea, chocolate (has a negative effect on metabolic processes);
poor nutrition, namely eating large amounts of meat and meat products;
systematic hypothermia of the extremities.
taking medications (cytostatics, diuretics, etc.);
the presence of concomitant diseases (renal, heart failure, hormonal abnormalities, etc.).

Accordingly, primary gouty arthritis occurs as a result of a combination of the first five factors, and secondary - as a result of the development of the listed diseases and the use of certain medications.

In addition to the traditional acute and chronic forms of gouty arthritis, there are also:

Rheumatoid-like , the course of which is characterized by its own duration. The inflammatory process develops in the area of the wrist, metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints.
Pseudophlegmonous , in which only one joint (large or medium) is affected. Local or general reactions of the body are observed: swelling, redness of the skin in the area and outside the joint, hyperleukocytosis, fever.
Subacute , characterized by subtle clinical symptoms. The lesion is concentrated in the area of the big toe.
Aesthetic , which is characterized by slight redness of the skin, no swelling, and an average degree of pain in the affected area.
Periarthritic . In this case, the inflammatory process spreads to the bursae and tendons localized in the area of undamaged joints.

Treatment method

Treatment of gouty arthritis has a number of goals:

normalization of metabolism in the patient’s body;
relief of the acute form of the disease;
restoration of functionality of damaged internal organs;
treatment of chronic disease.

A set of measures to combat the disease primarily includes drug therapy:

anti-gout drugs to eliminate pain and activate the process of urate elimination;
NSAIDs (Diklak, Voltaren, Movalis, etc.) to relieve swelling, inflammation and pain;
glucocorticosteroids (hydrocortisone) in case of severe pain, are injected once into the affected area.

As the symptoms of the acute form subside, basic therapy is prescribed:

colchicine (for exacerbations);
uricodepressants (to eliminate tophi and normalize the synthesis of uric acid);
anti-inflammatory immunomodulators (increase the effectiveness of uricodepressants);
uricosuric drugs (to speed up the process of removing uric acid);
enterosorbents (support liver functionality);
diuretics.

In the treatment of gouty arthritis, one cannot do without physiotherapeutic and hardware procedures. During exacerbation of the disease, electrophoresis and ultraviolet irradiation are prescribed.

At the remission stage - mud applications, drinking mineral waters, radon and bromine baths.