Features of left-sided lower lobe pneumonia: what is it?

In this publication you will learn how lower lobe, upper lobe, segmental and polysegmental left-sided pneumonia is treated in adults and children. We will talk about hospital and out-of-hospital treatment of pneumonia on the left side of the body.

The most dangerous disease among diseases developing in the upper respiratory tract or lungs is left-sided pneumonia in a child or adult patient.

Inflammation of the lungs in this segment is serious because the focus of the pathological process is located in close proximity to the heart. If therapeutic intervention is not started in time, the disease can develop into a fatal disease and end in death.

Left-sided pneumonia in an adult

The inflammatory process of the left lung is considered the rarest clinical manifestation of the other existing varieties.

The development of left-sided pneumonia is provoked by viral bacteria, which tend to enter the body with reduced immunity. They provoke the development of an inflammatory process as a result of acute tonsillitis, pharyngitis, bronchitis or tonsillitis.

The disease can spread completely to the entire territory of the lungs or affect only one segment.

Transmission of left-sided pneumonia occurs through airborne contact with an infected person while talking or sneezing.

Pathogenic microorganisms from the patient enter the air and are swallowed by a healthy person during inhalation of air. With particles of liquid, bacteria penetrate into the lungs, settling there. They develop with weakened immunity.

The following pathogenic microorganisms are caused by:

• Haemophilus influenzae;
• Pneumococci;
• Streptococci;
• Coli: intestinal, pseudomonas;
• Viruses and enterobacteria;
• Staphylococcus;
• Klebsiella.

According to the classification, left-sided pneumonia is divided into typical, atypical or aspiration. The latter develops if foreign objects enter the respiratory tract.

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Typical pneumonia in adults occurs when standard pathogens penetrate the body, and atypical pneumonia is characterized by an inflammatory process that is caused by the entry into the body of specific agents of an infectious nature (chlamydia, mycoplasma).

The inflammatory process of the lung on the left side can be recorded as unilateral, expressed in right- or left-sided disease, or as a bilateral infection.

Depending on the location of the source of inflammation, the disease is divided into:

1. Total – affecting the entire territory of the lung;
2. Focal – one or more foci of inflammation are present;
3. Lobar - only a small area of ​​the lung is affected;
4. Segmental - inflammation is limited to several or one segment.

Based on the place where a person acquired pneumonia, the disease is divided into community-acquired or hospital-acquired.

The first type is explained by the fact that this kind of left-sided pneumonia in an adult or child can be treated not only in a hospital setting, but also at home. The latter type is subject to therapeutic effects only under the constant supervision of a doctor.

Causes and general symptoms

Symptoms of the disease
The main cause of this disease is pathogenic bacteria that have entered the body.

The causative agents are:

1. Escherichia coli and hemophilus influenzae.
2. Streptococcus, pneumococcus and staphylococcus.

When one of these pathogens enters the body, it can trigger the development of lobar pneumonia. People with weakened immune systems are especially susceptible to this disease.

Lobar pneumonia has its own characteristics, by which it can be distinguished from other forms of this disease. For example:

• Sudden onset of illness, accompanied by severe chills and headache.
• High temperature, which can reach up to 39 degrees and does not subside for a long time.
• Painful sensations in a certain area of ​​the chest, depending on the location of the lesion. The pain radiates to the back, so sometimes pneumonia is confused with other diseases.
• Change in skin color (unhealthy grayish tint).
• Feeling sick or vomiting.
• When the lower lobe of the lung is affected, the pain radiates to the stomach or side.
• Severe lack of oxygen and shortness of breath, even at rest.
• Dry cough that develops into a cough with sputum containing blood clots
• Severe wheezing in the chest area.
• Headache.

Depending on the stage of the disease, more and more symptoms appear over time. As a complication, the development of heart failure may begin.

Left-sided pneumonia in a child

When left-sided pneumonia develops in a child, this may indicate that his or her immunity is severely weakened by a previous illness.

In such a situation, the reasons preceding the formation of inflammatory development are:

1. Hypothermia of the body;
2. Previously untreated diseases;
3. The presence of chronic diseases in the human body;
4. Close contact with an infected adult;
5. Reduced immune defense of the child.

If pneumonia is detected in a child, diagnosis and therapeutic treatment are carried out only in a hospital setting.

The symptoms of left-sided pneumonia in a child are fully consistent with right-sided disease:

1. Chills and elevated body temperature to critical levels - 39-40 degrees;
2. Severe pain in the head, nausea;
3. Stitching or cutting painful sensations are observed in the chest on the left side;
4. A wet cough with sputum is formed, which causes sore throat, sore throat, shortness of breath and weakness of the whole body.

The only drawback of the disease that manifests itself in children is the child’s inability to describe his entire condition and symptoms of the disease.

Diagnostics and examination

When conducting an initial examination if inflammation is suspected, the therapist should examine the characteristic signs observed in the patient:

• presence of fine bubbling wheezing;
• uncharacteristic bronchial breathing;
• trembling of the vocal cords;
• the percussion sound is significantly shortened.

A specialist cannot make a final diagnosis based only on characteristic signs, so the doctor will prescribe an additional examination to confirm his guesses. The most common way to detect pneumonia is by taking an x-ray. This method is the most affordable and most effective, since a specialist can determine the type of disease while excluding other characteristic ailments.

Left lower lobe pneumonia can be caused by several reasons, so to find out, you will need to undergo several types of tests. A blood or sputum test will help determine the category of virus or bacteria causing the disease.

When it is impossible to do a sputum analysis due to its absence, the doctor may prescribe a procedure such as bronchoscopy. It is not very pleasant, but it allows you to examine the condition of the bronchi and take a sputum sample.

An analysis such as sputum examination will reveal the true cause of the disease, since quite often completely other diseases can be hidden under the guise of pneumonia.

Left-sided lower lobe pneumonia

The problem is localized mainly in the respiratory tract and lower parts of the lungs. Left-sided lower lobe pneumonia most often occurs when the bronchi become infected.

In adult patients, the symptoms may be vague, the signs of the disease are practically invisible, which significantly complicates the process of identifying the disease and diagnosis.

The main signs of left-sided pneumonia of the lower lobe type are the following indicators:

1. Severe chills;
2. Weakness and lethargy of the whole body;
3. The appearance of shortness of breath during any physical activity;
4. Fever;
5. Soreness and colic in the chest, especially during inhalation;
6. Pain in the nasopharynx;
7. Wet cough, with good sputum;
8. Nausea and profuse vomiting;
9. Severe headache and dizziness.

If the course of the disease is not determined in time, the consequences can be not only serious, but also disastrous.

Manifestation of the disease

If you suspect you have left-sided pneumonia, treatment should begin immediately. But it is worth knowing exactly how the disease begins to manifest itself. If a person develops a cough with fever , as well as sputum production and prolonged fever.

It is worth remembering that if the temperature does not go away for more than three days , then this is a sure sign of a bacterial infection. At this time, antibacterial drugs begin to be taken, but if the temperature does not exceed 38 degrees, then you should not start taking antibiotics. It is believed that at this time the body’s fight against bacteria and viruses begins. Only if he cannot cope with the illness on his own should he start taking medication, but only after consulting a doctor.

Community treatment

If signs of the disease are detected, it is extremely dangerous to engage in therapy on your own. This can lead to serious health problems. To prescribe effective treatment, you should consult a doctor.

For the treatment of adults, a doctor prescribes highly effective antibacterial drugs that reduce the inflammatory process in the lungs of an adult or child.

Left-sided pneumonia is subject to therapeutic intervention according to the following scheme:

1. Antibiotics: Amoxicillin, Cephalosporin, Levafloxacin. The selection of medications is carried out according to specific pathogens;
2. Expectorants, which help relieve the lungs of accumulated internal secretions;
3. Anti-inflammatory drugs necessary to eliminate heat, inflammation, pain;
4. Vitamin complexes - vitamins C, A, group B. They are necessary to increase the immunity of an adult or child. Can be administered intravenously or intramuscularly.

For left-sided pneumonia, treatment is carried out at home. Additionally, it is recommended to influence the body with folk remedies.

In this case, you can use inhalations with horseradish, eucalyptus tincture, decoctions based on aloe, horseradish with lemon, plantain leaves, as well as applying garlic to the chest in the form of mustard plasters.

How long the inflammatory process of left-sided pneumonia lasts can be determined by the doctor. If you start the therapeutic effect prescribed according to the scheme in time, the disease will completely stop within a week. Otherwise, there is a chance that the disease will drag on for a long time.

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Left-sided upper lobe pneumonia

The development of upper lobe pneumonia in adults or small children occurs during an increase in the level of C-proteins in the internal organs. The occurrence of the disease can provoke the formation of tuberculosis.

When left-sided upper lobe pneumonia occurs, the following signs are recorded:

• strengthening of the pulmonary pattern;
• pale skin;
• weakening of the breathing process;
• crepitus at the apex of the lung;
• wheezing when listening to a wet character;
• darkening of the lung;
• cardiopalmus.

The peculiarity of this type of pneumonia is that the health problem can only be treated in a hospital setting. The doctor will tell you how to treat inflammation, following the standard regimen. Additionally, you should drink at least 2.5 liters per day. liquids.

Complications

Complications can relate to pathologies of the lungs and other organs and can be dangerous.

Pulmonary complications:

1. Lung abscess.
2. Gangrene of the organ.
3. Parapneumonic pleurisy.
4. Empyema of the pleural area.

Extrapulmonary complications:

1. Mediastinitis and pericarditis of a purulent nature.
2. Purulent arthritis.
3. Peritonitis.
4. Brain abscess.
5. Meningitis is purulent.
6. Endocarditis, which affects the aortic valve.
7. Heart pathologies.

Read more about various complications and how to avoid them >,>,

Left-sided segmental pneumonia

Segmental inflammation of the lung tissue is a pathological process that forms in only one segment of the lungs. It differs from the focal type of the disease in that it tends to affect large areas and is more severe than all other types.

A type of problem such as left-sided segmental pneumonia is manifested by acute symptoms and a sharp increase in temperature.

At this moment, the body is completely saturated with toxins, which leads to severe intoxication and severe pain in the chest. Most often, the inflammation takes a protracted course and provokes complications.

If left untreated for a long time, the following complications may occur after the course of left-sided pneumonia of segmental type:

1. Fibrous or serous pleurisy;
2. Bronchiectasis;
3. Chronic pneumonia;
4. Neurotoxicosis;
5. Collapsed or abscessed lung;
6. Arterial hypotension.

Young children and elderly people who have crossed the 50-year threshold are more often infected.

Right-sided middle lobe pneumonia: symptoms

Focal right-sided middle lobe pneumonia develops gradually. At the beginning of the disease, the patient feels general weakness, body temperature rises to 37.5ºC, and chills appear. Next comes a cough with scant sputum. As pneumonia develops, the patient's condition worsens, the intoxication syndrome intensifies, purulent discharge appears when coughing (often with blood), chest pain occurs mainly on the right side. The patient has difficulty breathing and shortness of breath.

When the first symptoms appear, you should immediately consult a doctor

It is important to know that pneumonia pathogens multiply very quickly, and every day without proper treatment can lead to serious consequences in the future. At the Yusupov Hospital, patients with pneumonia receive all the necessary care

The patient will be examined and, based on the data obtained, adequate treatment will be prescribed.